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How Glooskap, leaving the World, all the
Animals mourned for him, and how, ere he departed, he gave Gifts to Men. (Micmac.) Now Glooskap had freed the
world from all the mighty monsters of an early time: the giants wandered no
longer in the wilderness; the cullo terrified man no more, as it spread
its wings like the cloud between him and the sun; the dreadful Chenoo of the
North devoured him not; no evil beasts, devils, and serpents were to be found
near his home. And the Master had, moreover, taught men the arts which made
them happier; but they were not grateful to him, and though they worshiped him
they were not the less wicked. "Now when the ways of
men and beasts waxed evil they greatly vexed Glooskap, and at length he could
no longer endure them, and he made a rich feast by the shore of the great Lake
Minas. All the beasts came to it, and when the feast was over he got into a
great canoe, and the beasts looked after him till they saw him no more. And
after they ceased to see him, they still heard his voice as he sang; but the
sounds grew fainter and fainter in the distance, and at last they wholly died
away; and then deep silence fell on them all, and a great marvel came to pass,
and the beasts, who had till now spoken but one language, were no longer able
to understand each other, and they fled away, each his own way, and never again
have they met together in council. Until the day when Glooskap shall return to
restore the Golden Age, and make men and animals dwell once more together in
amity and peace, all Nature mourns. And tradition says that on his departure
from Acadia the Great Snowy Owl retired to the deep forests, to return no more
until he could come to welcome Glooskap; and in those sylvan depths the owls
even yet repeat to the night Koo-koo-skoos! which is to say in the
Indian tongue, 'Oh, I am sorry! Oh, I am sorry!' And the Loons, who had been
the huntsmen of Glooskap, go restlessly up and down through the world, seeking
vainly for their master, whom they cannot find, and wailing sadly because they
find him not."48 But ere the Master went away
from life, or ceased to wander in the ways of men, he bade it be made known by
the Loons, his faithful messengers, that before his departure years would pass,
and that whoever would seek him might have one wish granted, whatever that wish
might be. Now, though the journey was long and the trials were terrible which
those must endure who would find Glooskap, there were still many men who
adventured them.49 Now ye shall hear who some
of these were and what happened to them. And this is the first tale as it was
told me in the tent of John Gabriel, the Passamaquoddy. When all men had heard that
Glooskap would grant a wish to any one who would come to him, three Indians
resolved to try this thing; and one was a Maliseet from St. John, and the other
two were Penobscots from Old Town. And the path was long and the way was hard,
and they suffered much, and they were seven years on it ere they came to him.
But while they were yet three months' journey from his dwelling, they heard the
barking of his dogs, and as they drew nearer, day by day, it was louder. And
so, after great trials, they found the lord of men and beasts, and he made them
welcome and entertained them. But, ere they went, he asked
them what they wanted. And the eldest, who was an honest, simple man, and of
but little account among his people, because he was a bad hunter, asked that he
might excel in the killing and catching of game. Then the Master gave him a
flute, or the magic pipe, which pleases every ear, and has the power of
persuading every animal to follow him who plays it. And he thanked the lord,
and left. Now the second Indian, being
asked what he would have, replied, 'The love of many women.' And when Glooskap
asked how many, he said, "I care not how many; so that there are but
enough of them, and more than enough." At hearing this the Master seemed
displeased, but, smiling anon, he gave him a bag which was tightly tied, and
told him not to open it until he had reached his home. So he thanked the lord,
and left. Now the third Indian was a
gay and handsome but foolish young fellow, whose whole heart was set on making
people laugh, and on winning a welcome at every merry-making. And he, being
asked what he would have or what he chiefly wanted, said that it would please
him most to be able to make a certain quaint and marvelous sound or noise,50 which was frequent in those primitive times
among all the Wabanaki, and which it is said may even yet be heard in a few
sequestered wigwams far in the wilderness, away from men; there being still
here and there a deep magician, or man of mystery, who knows the art of producing
it. And the property of this wondrous sound is such that they who hear it must
needs burst into a laugh; whence it is the cause that the men of these our
modern times are so sorrowful, since that sound is no more heard in the land.
And to him Glooskap was also affable, sending Marten into the woods to seek a
certain mystical and magic root, which when eaten would make the miracle the
young man sought. But he warned him not to touch the root ere he got to his
home, or it would be the worse for him. And so he kindly thanked the lord, and
left. It had taken seven years to
come, but seven days were all that was required to tread the path returning to
their home, that is, for him who got there. Only one of all the three beheld
his lodge again. This was the hunter, who, with his pipe in his pocket, and not
a care in his heart, trudged through the woods, satisfied that so long as he
should live, there would always be venison in the larder. But he who loved women, and
had never won even a wife, was filled with anxious wishfulness. And he had, not
gone very far into the woods before he opened the bag. And there flew out by
hundreds, like white doves, swarming all about him, beautiful girls, with black
burning eyes and flowing hair. And wild with passion the winsome witches threw
their arms about him, and kissed him as he responded to their embraces; but
they came ever more and more, wilder and more passionate. And he bade them give
way, but they would not, and he sought to escape, but he could not; and so
panting, crying for breath, smothered, he perished. And those who came that way
found him dead, but what became of the girls no man knows. Now the third went merrily
onward alone, when all at once it flashed upon his mind that Glooskap had given
him a present, and without the least heed to the injunction that he was to wait
till he had reached his home drew out the root and ate it; and scarce had he
done this ere he realized that he possessed the power of uttering the weird and
mystic sound to absolute perfection. And as it rang o'er many a hill and dale,
and woke the echoes of the distant hills, until it was answered by the solemn
owl, he felt that it was indeed wonderful. So he walked on gayly, trumpeting as
he went, over hill and vale, happy as a bird. But by and by he began to
weary of himself. Seeing a deer he drew an arrow and stealing silently to the
game was just about to shoot, when despite himself the wild, unearthly sound
broke forth like a demon's warble. The deer bounded away, and the young man
cursed! And when he reached Old Town, half dead with hanger, he was worth
little to make laughter, though the honest Indians at first did not fail to do
so, and thereby somewhat cheered his heart. But as the days went on they
wearied of him, and, life becoming a burden, he went into the woods and slew
himself. And the evil spirit of the night-air even Bumole,51 or
Pamola, from whom came the gift, swooped down from the clouds and bore him away
to 'Lahmkekqu', the dwelling place of darkness, and he was no more heard of
among men. As regards the destruction
of the giants by Glooskap, it may be observed that the same tradition exists
among the Six Nations. Cusick tells us that about 1250 years before Columbus
discovered America a powerful tribe called Otne-yar-heh, that is, Stone Giants,
who were ravenous cannibals, overran the country, and nearly exterminated the
inhabitants. These Stone Giants practiced, themselves in rolling on the sand;
by this means their bodies became hard. Then Tas-enyawa-gen, the Holder of the
Heavens, came to earth as a giant, and being made their chief, led them into a
hollow, where he overwhelmed them with rocks. Only one escaped to the far
North. The reader will recognize in these the Chenoos, or Kewahqu', who cover
themselves with pitch and roll on the ground. But no one can deny that, while
that which Cusick narrates has much in common with the mythology of the
Wabanaki, it is much less like that of the Edda; that Indian grotesqueness has
in it greatly perverted an original: and finally, that it certainly occupies a
position midway between the mythology of the Northeastern Algonquins and that
of the Chippewas, Ottawas, and other Western tribes. Examination shows this in
every story. Thus the Wabanaki warrior makes his bow infallible in aim by
stringing it with a cord made of his sister's hair. This is Norse, as it was of
old Latin. But in the Iroquois the young man "adorns his arms with the
hairs of his sister." Here the tradition has begun to weaken. It may be interesting to visitors to Niagara to know that the army of Stone Giants crossed the river during their journey just below the Falls. ___________________________
48. This passage is one of seven on the
subject of Glooskap, cited in Osgood's Maritime Provinces, without
giving either the name of the author or the book from which they were taken. 49. There is a great embarrassment of
riches, or rather a great wealth of embarrassment, as regards this chapter. In
the Rand manuscript there are three histories of the adventures of the pilgrims
who sought Glooskap. Another and very different was given to me by John
Gabriel. In one account there are three travelers, in another four; others
speak of seven and twelve. Finally, there are many incidents which apparently
belong to this part of the Glooskap cycle, scattered here and there in
different disconnected legends. Mrs. W. Wallace Brown was
told by the Passamaquoddy Indians that when Glooskap departed he took with him
the king of each of the different kinds of animals; so that the wolves, loons,
etc., mourn not only for the lord, but for their masters. 50. Pedere, crepitare. 51. For an account of Bumole, or Pamola, see the chapter on Supernatural Beings. Bumole seems to have been the personification of the night-hawk. |